Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as two or more pregnancy losses. Previously defined as three or more recurrent pregnancy losses. However, this caused a delay in diagnosis and treatment. Waiting for the third miscarriage to be diagnosed was also psychologically exhausting for expectant mothers. In most cases, recurrent miscarriages are not insoluble, but can often take a long time to diagnose and treat.
Classified by Stages of Pregnancy
- Early pregnancy loss (First Trimester): First day of the last menstrual period to the end of the thirteen (13) week
- Late pregnancy loss: After the first trimester to the end of the pregnancy
- Chemical (Occult) pregnancy: Identified by blood or urine test, not confirmed by ultrasound
Early pregnancy loss and chemical pregnancy are typically common occurrences that don’t often recur. As a result, diagnostic tests usually commence after the second loss. On the other hand, late pregnancy loss is a rarer and unexpected event, prompting diagnostic tests to begin after the first occurrence.
Causes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
- Genetic causes
- Causes related to uterus
- Immunologic causes
- Maternal causes
- Pregnancy-related causes
- Infectious causes
- Environmental
Frequency of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Clinically recognized pregnancy loss is a prevalent occurrence, affecting approximately 15–25% of pregnancies. The majority, around 80%, take place within the first trimester, with a significant number occurring before the 10-week mark.
Around 2 percent of women undergo two consecutive pregnancy losses. However, a more distinct subset, comprising approximately 0.5 percent of women, experiences a third consecutive loss.
Diagnosis and Treatment Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
In the quest to identify the underlying causes of recurrent miscarriages, your healthcare provider will inquire about your medical history and previous pregnancies. A thorough physical examination, including a pelvic exam, may be conducted. Blood tests can be utilized to identify potential issues with the immune system, while genetic causes of recurrent miscarriages may be explored through testing. Additionally, imaging tests may be recommended to assess whether any uterine issues are contributing to recurrent miscarriages.
Treatment is often directed towards the cause. Even in cases of unknown cause, treatment often results in success.
You can find detailed information on our diagnosis and treatment page.
